Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain in Transgender Men and Gender-Diverse People

Endometriosis and persistent pelvic pain are often considered conditions that affect women. However, transgender men and gender-diverse people assigned female at birth may also experience these conditions and require access to specialist gynaecological care.

Recent research has highlighted that transgender and gender-diverse people with endometriosis often face additional barriers to diagnosis and treatment. These may include concerns regarding discrimination, gender dysphoria during examinations, limited access to clinicians experienced in gender-affirming care, and a lack of awareness that endometriosis can affect people of diverse gender identities. Studies suggest these barriers may contribute to delays in diagnosis and poorer health outcomes.

Importantly, pelvic pain and endometriosis can occur even in transgender men receiving testosterone therapy. Research has demonstrated that some transgender men continue to experience pelvic pain, painful periods and symptoms consistent with endometriosis despite hormonal treatment. Diagnostic challenges, combined with limited research in this population, can make accessing timely care difficult.

As awareness of the healthcare needs of transgender and gender-diverse people continues to grow, access to inclusive, evidence-based and person-centred care remains essential. Heide Clinic is committed to fostering a respectful and welcoming environment where all patients can access specialist gynaecological and pelvic health care.

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Research Articles

• Transgender and Gender Diverse People with Endometriosis: A Perspective on Affirming Gynaecological Care (Jeffrey et al., 2024)

• Endometriosis in Transgender Men: Bridging Gaps in Research and Care – A Narrative Review (Kaltsas et al., 2024)

• Transgender and Gender Diverse Individuals Embodying Endometriosis: A Systematic Review (Giacomozzi et al., 2024)

Support & Information

• Endometriosis Australia

• TransHub Australia

• Rainbow Health Australia

• World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH)

• Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)

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